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Historical Values
Year Value
1990 3.0% in urban areas (1989)
1991 2.6% in urban areas (1990)
1992 4.0% in urban areas (1991)
1993 2.3% in urban areas (1992)
1994 2.3% in urban areas (1992); substantial underemployment
1995 2.7% in urban areas (1994); substantial underemployment
1996 5.2% in urban areas (1995 est.); substantial underemployment
1997 officially 3% in urban areas; probably 8%-10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (1996 est.)
1998 officially 4% in urban areas; probably 8%-10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (1997 est.)
1999 officially 3% in urban areas; probably 8%-10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (1998 est.)
2000 urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (1999 est.)
2001 urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2000 est.)
2002 urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2002 est.)
2003 urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2002 est.)
2004 10.1% urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2003 est.)
2005 9.8% in urban areas; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas; an official Chinese journal estimated overall unemployment (including rural areas) for 2003 at 20% (2004 est.)
2006 9% official registered unemployment in urban areas in 2004; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas; an official Chinese journal estimated overall unemployment (including rural areas) for 2003 at 20% (2005 est.)
2007 4.2% official registered unemployment in urban areas in 2005; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2005)
2008 4% unemployment in urban areas; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2007 est.)
2009 4% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 46 4% (2007 est.) note: official data for urban areas only; including migrants may boost total unemployment to 9%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas
2010 4.3% (September 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 40 4.2% (December 2008 est.) note: official data for urban areas only; including migrants may boost total unemployment to 9%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas
2011 6.1% (September 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 57 6.3% (December 2008 est.) note: official data for urban areas only; including migrants may boost total unemployment to 9%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas
2012 6.4% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 67 6.5% (2011 est.) note: registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants was 4.1% in 2010
2013 6.5% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 70 6.5% (2011 est.) note: registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants, was 4.1% in 2012
2014 4.1% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 32 4.1% (2012 est.) note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2015 4.1% (2014 est.) | 4.1% (2013 est.) | note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants | country comparison to the world: 36
2016 4% (2015 est.) | 4.1% (2014 est.) | note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants | country comparison to the world: 35
2017 4% (2016 est.) | 4% (2015 est.) | note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants | country comparison to the world: 48
2018 3.9% (2017 est.) | 4% (2016 est.) | note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2019 3.9% (2017 est.) | 4% (2016 est.) | note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2020 3.64% (2019 est.) | 3.84% (2018 est.) | note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2021 3.64% (2019 est.) 3.84% (2018 est.) note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2022 3.64% (2019 est.) 3.84% (2018 est.) note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2023 4.82% (2021 est.) 5% (2020 est.) 4.52% (2019 est.) note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
2024 4.67% (2023 est.) 4.98% (2022 est.) 4.55% (2021 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
2025 4.6% (2024 est.) 4.7% (2023 est.) 5% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment